In honor of National Immunization Awareness Month, we bring you this week's Fun Fact Friday! Did you know that immunizations play a crucial role in safeguarding your neuro health? One example is the meningitis vaccine – it not only protects against a serious infection but also helps prevent potential neurological complications. By staying up-to-date with your immunizations, you're not only taking care of your body but also giving your brain a healthy boost! Stay informed, stay protected! #FunFactFriday #Immunize #NeuroHealthMatters #NationalImmunizationAwarenessMonth

Learn more about dystonia! Check out our website, njpediatricneurosurgery.com, to learn more about movement disorders and the path to resilience. #DystoniaAwareness #Neurosurgery

Are you ready to give your child's brain a boost? Look no further! In this article, we will explore 10 nutritious foods that can enhance your child's focus and promote their brain health. These foods provide essential nutrients and compounds that support cognitive function and protect against neurological diseases. The beneficial but delicious options we will go over are packed with omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, polyphenols, and more. So, join us as we explore the realm of nutritious foods with the guidance of a pediatric nutritionist. Discover how diet can boost your child's academic and mental capability!

10 Foods for Brain Health

If you're looking to boost your child's focus and brain health, there are a variety of nutritious foods that can have a significant impact. Nutrition plays a crucial role in supporting brain function and cognitive abilities. By incorporating some of the brain-boosting snacks we talk about below into your child's diet, you can nourish their mind and enhance their overall well-being. Remember that nourishing the mind goes beyond just what we eat - it includes other factors such as physical activity, sleep hygiene, stress management techniques - but ensuring a balanced diet filled with these nutritious foods is an excellent starting point for promoting optimal cognitive function in your child.

Avocados

Avocados are not only delicious, but also packed with numerous benefits for brain health. Here are three reasons why you should incorporate avocados into your child's diet:

1. Rich in unsaturated fats: Unsaturated fats play a vital role in brain function. These healthy fats support brain health and can improve concentration and focus. Regular consumption of avocados has even been shown to reduce blood pressure, which is linked to cognitive decline.
2. Versatile and easy to incorporate: There are many ways to include avocados in your child's meals and snacks. From avocado toast to a salad topping to guacamole, the options are endless! You can also blend avocados into smoothies or even a pudding for an added nutritional boost that is easily disguised for our picky eaters!
3. Boosts focus and concentration: Avocado recipes can help enhance your child's focus and concentration levels. The combination of healthy fats, vitamins, and minerals found in avocados supports optimal brain function, leading to improved cognitive abilities. Some of the essential nutrients that avocados are rich in include vitamin K, E, C, and B! Vitamin B plays a role in neurotransmitter synthesis, aiding in the communication between brain cells. Specifically, B9, folate, is an important vitamin for rapid brain growth in early childhood preventing neural defects.

Probiotics

Probiotics play a crucial role in supporting your child's focus and brain health. These beneficial bacteria, commonly found in fermented foods like yogurt, pickles, sourdough, and certain supplements, contribute to a balanced and healthy gut microbiome. The gut-brain connection is well-established, and a flourishing microbiome positively influences cognitive function. By fostering a balanced gut microbiota, probiotics contribute to improved nutrient absorption and a strengthened immune system. A healthy gut translates to a healthy mind, making probiotics a valuable addition to your child's diet for optimal focus and brain well-being.

Tofu and Tempeh

When it comes to improving concentration and repairing the brain, incorporating soy products into your diet can provide essential antioxidants and polyphenols that support cognitive abilities. Polyphenols have been shown to reduce the risk of dementia and improve cognitive abilities as we age. In particular, most soy products contain daidzein and genistein, which are powerful antioxidants. These antioxidants help protect the brain from oxidative stress and damage caused by free radicals. By consuming soy products regularly, you can enhance your brain health and function, promoting better cognition and thinking abilities. Along with this, they are a great source of protein and unsaturated fats, providing essential nutrients for optimal brain function. So, if you want to boost your focus and support your child's brain health, consider incorporating more soy products into your family's diet. Whether it's tofu, tempeh, edamame, or soy milk, these nutritious foods can provide the necessary polyphenols and antioxidants needed for optimal cognitive abilities as your child grows up. Read Article: 10 Tips for Picky Eaters: How to Encourage Healthy Eating Habits in Children

Salmon

If you want to enhance your cognitive abilities and improve brain function, incorporating sources of fish into your child's diet is a smart choice. Salmon and other types of fish like tuna, sardines, and trout are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to protect brain and body cells, improve blood flow to the brain, and boost overall brain function. This addition to your child's diet can be easy and enjoyable. A typical lunch can include baked or grilled salmon fillets or something as simple as a tuna sandwich! Another option is sneaking in canned sardines or mackerel to pasta dishes or salads.  If your child is a picky eater or doesn't enjoy eating fish, you can consider omega-3 supplements specifically designed for children. However, it's always best to try to start with the diet and consult with a healthcare professional before starting any supplements. Here are two recipes that are easy and delicious that include lots of omega-3 fatty acids:  1) Baked Salmon with Lemon and Dill: - Preheat oven to 400°F. - Place salmon fillets on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. - Drizzle with olive oil and sprinkle with salt, pepper, lemon juice, and fresh dill. - Bake for 12-15 minutes until cooked to 145 degrees F. - Enjoy! 2) Tuna Avocado Salad: - In a bowl, combine canned tuna, diced avocado, chopped red onion, lemon juice, and salt. - Mix well and serve on whole grain bread or lettuce wraps.

Nuts/Peanuts

- Walnuts, Almonds, Peanuts - Contains essential nutrients for brain health - Improves cognitive abilities Peanuts, with their protein-packed crunch and brain-boosting nutrients, are a tasty addition to your child's diet. Research has shown that peanuts contain Vitamin E and resveratrol, both of which have been linked to brain health. Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, protecting the brain from damage caused by free radicals, similar to the effect of omega-3 fatty acids. Resveratrol has been shown to help prevent neurological diseases. These tiny legumes offer a range of benefits for brain health, making them an excellent choice for improving concentration and cognitive function.  Incorporating peanuts into your child's diet is easy and delicious. You can simply serve them as a snack or incorporate them into meals like stir-fries or salads. For a fun twist, try making homemade peanut butter or adding crushed peanuts to baked goods like cookies or muffins.  If your child has allergies or you're looking for alternatives to peanuts for brain health, almonds and walnuts also contain beneficial nutrients for the brain, such as iron and omega-3 fatty acids. To ensure that your child gets the full benefits of peanuts or other nuts, it's important to choose unsalted varieties without added sugars or oils. Moderation is key when introducing new foods into your child's diet.

Whole Grains

Quinoa, Oatmeal, Fortified Breakfast Cereals - Provides essential nutrients for brain health - Enhances cognitive abilities

1.   Nutrient Content: Whole grains are rich in essential nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. These nutrients play a crucial role in the development and functioning of the brain
2.   Complex Carbohydrates: Whole grains provide complex carbohydrates that are a steady and long-lasting source of energy. This helps in maintaining consistent energy levels, which is important for optimal brain function.
3.   B Vitamins: Whole grains are a good source of B vitamins, including B6, B12, and folate. These vitamins are crucial for brain health and play a role in neurotransmitter synthesis and function.

Dark Chocolate

- Contains beneficial antioxidants like flavonoids - Contribute to the protection of brain cells from oxidative stress, enhancing memory - Improves brain function and cognition - Beneficial in moderation!

Berries

- Blueberries, Strawberries, Blackberries - High in antioxidants - Enhances brain health and function - Good source of Vitamin C, essential for brain tissue growth and repair

Seeds

- Hemp, Flax, Chia - Rich in antioxidants and essential nutrients - Supports brain health and function - Can be sprinkled on yogurt, oatmeal, or added to smoothies

Eggs-including the yolk! 

- Great source of Vitamin D - Free-range or Pasture-raised eggs have higher Vitamin D content - Improved, cognitive function, attention, and brain development

Conclusion

In conclusion, by incorporating these 10 nutritious foods into your child's diet, you are providing them with the essential nutrients they need to boost their focus and brain health. Just like avocados support brain health and reduce blood pressure, you can be their superhero guiding them towards cognitive excellence. Remember the power of peanuts, rhubarb, mulberries, soy products, oily fish, dark chocolate, berries, nuts, seeds, and whole grains in protecting their precious minds. So go ahead and nourish their brains with these amazing foods for a brighter future!

Laughter truly is the best medicine, especially for your brain! #LaughterTherapy #HappyBrain #FeelGoodVibes #BrainChemistry #BoostYourMood #LaughOutLoud #BrainHealth

Pediatric movement disorders, such as dystonia, can have a significant impact on a child's daily life. These disorders are characterized by sustained muscle contractions, resulting in twisting movements or abnormal postures. It is crucial to seek early diagnosis and treatment to improve the child's quality of life and prevent further complications. In this article, we will explore the various treatment approaches for pediatric movement disorders, including medications and deep brain stimulation. It is important to note that the treatment approach for pediatric movement disorders should be individualized and may involve a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professional psychologists, neurologists, physiatrists, and social workers. Regular monitoring and follow-up appointments are crucial to assess the child's progress and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.

Understanding Pediatric Movement Disorders

Pediatric movement disorders, like dystonia, can have various causes, including genetic syndromes, brain damage, and metabolic issues. These disorders can affect mobility, coordination, speech, swallowing, and even psychological well-being. It is important to recognize the potential impact of these disorders on a child's daily life and seek appropriate intervention.

Exploring Treatment Approaches for Pediatric Movement Disorders

The Pediatric Movement Disorders Center at NJPNI specializes in diagnosing and treating pediatric movement disorders. Their experienced team offers comprehensive care and support to children with dystonia. Treatment options for dystonia include both symptomatic and surgical approaches.  Symptomatic treatment approaches for pediatric movement disorders such as dystonia may include medication management and physical therapy. Medications such as muscle relaxants, anticholinergics, and dopamine agonists may be prescribed to help manage symptoms and improve motor control. Physical therapy, including exercises and stretching, can also be beneficial in improving muscle strength, flexibility, and coordination. Additionally, occupational therapy and speech therapy may be recommended to address any functional impairments related to the movement disorder. In some cases, surgical interventions such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) may be considered for children with severe and refractory dystonia. DBS involves the placement of electrodes in specific areas of the brain to help regulate abnormal electrical signals and improve motor function. The team at the Pediatric Movement Disorders Center at NJPNI will work closely with patients and their families to develop an individualized treatment plan based on their specific needs and goals.

• Medication Strategies for Pediatric Movement Disorders

Symptomatic treatment options for dystonia include systemic or focal drug treatments. Medications such as anticholinergic, dopamine-blocking, depleting agents, baclofen, and benzodiazepines may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms. In cases of dopamine synthesis defects, L-dopa treatment can be effective. Additionally, botulinum toxin (Botox) injections can provide localized relief, and intrathecal baclofen therapy (ITB) through an implantable pump can help control disabling symptoms.

• Deep Brain Stimulation: A Promising Intervention

For children with generalized dystonia, long-term electrical stimulation of the globus pallidum has shown effectiveness. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) involves the implantation of electrodes that deliver electrical impulses to specific brain areas involved in movement control. This surgical intervention can significantly improve dystonia symptoms and enhance the child's quality of life. The suitability of DBS as a treatment option depends on the specific case and severity of dystonia.

Supplementary Therapies for Enhancing Treatment:

In addition to medications and DBS, supplementary therapies can enhance the overall management of pediatric movement disorders. In addition to medications and deep brain stimulation, there are several other treatment approaches that can be used to manage pediatric movement disorders.  Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of pediatric movement disorders. Physical therapists are trained to assess a child's movement patterns and develop individualized treatment plans to improve their motor skills and muscle control. Through exercises and repetitive movements, physical therapy aims to enhance coordination, flexibility, and strength, ultimately improving the child's ability to perform daily activities. Occupational therapy is another essential treatment approach for pediatric movement disorders. Occupational therapists help children develop the skills necessary for everyday tasks, such as dressing, feeding, and writing. They focus on improving the child's fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, and sensory integration, which can be affected by movement disorders. Speech therapy may also be beneficial for children with movement disorders that affect their ability to speak and communicate effectively. Speech therapists work with children to improve their speech production, language skills, and oral motor control. They may use techniques such as articulation exercises, breathing exercises, and language therapy to help the child overcome speech difficulties.

Recognizing the Right Time to Seek Medical Advice

Early detection of pediatric movement disorders is crucial for prompt intervention. Parents and caregivers should be aware of the potential signs and symptoms of these disorders and seek medical advice if they suspect any issues. Timely treatment can prevent further complications and improve the child's overall well-being.  Some common signs and symptoms of pediatric movement disorders include abnormal muscle tone, delayed motor milestones, involuntary movements, tremors, difficulty with coordination, and abnormal posture. If a child exhibits any of these symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional who specializes in pediatric movement disorders. They will be able to evaluate the child's symptoms, conduct any necessary tests or assessments, and provide appropriate treatment recommendations. It is crucial not to ignore or dismiss these symptoms, as early intervention can greatly improve the child's quality of life and long-term outcomes.

Conclusion

Pediatric movement disorders, such as dystonia, can have a significant impact on a child's daily life. However, with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the symptoms can be managed effectively. The Pediatric Movement Disorders Center at NJPNI offers specialized care and support for children with movement disorders. Treatment approaches include medications, deep brain stimulation, and supplementary therapies. By recognizing the signs, seeking early medical advice, and exploring various treatment options, parents and caregivers can provide the best possible care for children with pediatric movement disorders.

For nearly 15 years, NJPNI has been dedicated to providing exceptional care to over 22,000 patients. Thank you for trusting us with your health and well-being. Together, we are making a difference, one patient at a time! #CommunityCare #15YearsStrong #HealthcareHeroes #PatientFirst #MakingADifference #NJPNI #HealthcareMilestone #GratefulHeart

Hydrocephalus is a serious neurological condition caused by an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain. For children, this can lead to increased brain pressure, which, if untreated, can affect cognitive, neurological and physical development. Addressing pediatric hydrocephalus early is essential to ensuring your child’s good health and well-being. In this guide, we’ll explore the types of pediatric hydrocephalus, available treatment options, and how the New Jersey Pediatric Neuroscience Institute (NJPNI) provides expert care for patients with hydrocephalus.

What Is Pediatric Hydrocephalus?

Pediatric hydrocephalus occurs when the brain's normal circulation and drainage of CSF is disrupted. The excess fluid leads to increased pressure that can damage brain tissue and impair function. Normally, a child’s brain makes 5-15 cc ( 1- 3 teaspoons) of fluid every hour. This fluid circulates around the brain and is absorbed at the same rate.

Types of Pediatric Hydrocephalus

Communicating Hydrocephalus: Communicating hydrocephalus occurs when the brain is making fluid, and it circulates, but is not being absorbed well. Sometimes this occurs in the setting of macrocephaly ( a large head size). Babies with macrocephaly are often referred to a pediatric neurosurgeon. These infants will usually be sent for an ultrasound of the brain. The ultrasound may show that the CSF spaces are enlarged. Most infants outgrow this condition, that is called Benign Enlargement of the Subarachnoid Spaces (BESS) or Benign External Hydrocephalus (BEH).Infants with BESS or BEH are usually followed until age three years. Occasionally though, the communicating hydrocephalus does not resolve. In rare cases, these children require a ventriculoperitoneal shunt if they developed hydrocephalus with progressively enlarging ventricles. Obstructive Hydrocephalus: This occurs when a blockage prevents the flow or circulation of CSF through the brain’s ventricles. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH): More common in older individuals but sometimes seen in children, this condition results from impaired CSF absorption, leading to symptoms despite “normal” pressure levels. Accurate diagnosis is critical in determining the most effective treatment strategy for your child.

Advanced Treatment Options for Pediatric Hydrocephalus

Shunt System

The ventriculoperitoneal shunt system is one of the most widely used treatments for hydrocephalus. It involves surgically placing a small tube in the brain to redirect excess CSF to another part of the body, such as the abdominal cavity, where it can be absorbed. Key Features: Includes a valve to regulate CSF flow and pressure. Can be adjusted for long-term use, making it a reliable option for children. Effectiveness: Shunts are a proven solution for managing hydrocephalus over the long term.

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV)

ETV is a minimally invasive procedure in which a small camera (endoscope) is used to create a bypass in the brain’s ventricles, allowing CSF to flow freely. Benefits: Often used for obstructive hydrocephalus. Avoids the need for lifelong shunt management in some cases. Considerations: Not always a permanent solution; success depends on the individual case.

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy with Choroid Plexus Cauterization (ETV/CPC)

This advanced technique combines the benefits of ETV with the reduction of CSF production by cauterizing the choroid plexus. Advantages: Particularly effective for infants and young children. Reduces the likelihood of future complications by addressing both fluid flow and production. Considerations: Requires thorough evaluation by a pediatric neurosurgeon to ensure suitability.

Managing Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)

While NPH typically affects older individuals, the treatment parallels pediatric hydrocephalus in many ways, especially through the use of shunts. Symptoms of NPH: Gait disturbances Cognitive decline Urinary incontinence Treatment: A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is commonly used to manage NPH, alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life.