Hydrocephalus is a medical condition where excess fluid builds up in the brain, sometimes developing even before birth. While hydrocephalus can't always be prevented however, hydrocephalus during pregnancy can be managed by genetic counseling, prenatal screenings, and proper folic acid intake can help reduce risks. If you're expecting and concerned about hydrocephalus, this guide aims to empower you with the information needed to make informed decisions. We’ll explore why hydrocephalus develops, how it is diagnosed, monitoring during pregnancy, and treatment options for both you and your baby. Additionally, we’ll cover the prognosis after birth and ways to prepare for future pregnancies to help you feel more confident throughout your journey.

Causes of Hydrocephalus in Pregnancy

Hydrocephalus in an unborn baby can result from several factors, including:

1. Genetic and Congenital Disorders
   • Abnormal brain development (e.g., spina bifida or Chiari malformation).
   • Inherited conditions that affect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow.
2. Infections During Pregnancy
   • Maternal infections like toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), or syphilis can interfere with brain development and cause fluid buildup.
3. Hemorrhage or Brain Bleed
   • Bleeding in the fetal brain (intraventricular hemorrhage) can block CSF flow, leading to hydrocephalus.
4. Aqueductal Stenosis
   • A blockage of the narrow passage (aqueduct of Sylvius) that connects the ventricles in the brain can prevent normal fluid circulation.
5. Trauma or Injury During Pregnancy
   • Physical trauma to the fetus or abnormal uterine conditions might disrupt normal brain and ventricular development.
6. Tumors or Cysts
   • Rarely, tumors or cysts can block CSF pathways, causing fluid accumulation.
7. Unknown Causes
   • In some cases, the exact cause is unknown (idiopathic hydrocephalus), even after thorough investigation.

Related Blog: Preventing Pediatric Hydrocephalus: Steps for a Healthy Pregnancy

How is Hydrocephalus Diagnosed in Pregnancy?

Diagnosing hydrocephalus during pregnancy involves using ultrasound examinations, which are typically conducted at various stages of gestation. Here's how the diagnosis process works: - Ultrasound screenings are the primary method for detecting hydrocephalus in the developing fetus. Technicians look for pockets of fluid in the brain, indicating enlarged ventricles and potential hydrocephalus. - Hydrocephalus can be identified as early as the latter part of the first trimester, with diagnosis even possible at 13 weeks. By 20 to 24 weeks, the abnormal dilation of ventricles becomes more apparent. - In certain cases where abnormal anatomy is suspected, fetal MRI may be recommended. This imaging technique provides detailed brain images beyond what ultrasound can offer. By utilizing ultrasound and, when necessary, MRI, healthcare providers can diagnose hydrocephalus in the developing fetus, allowing for appropriate management and care.  

Monitoring Hydrocephalus in Pregnancy

Hydrocephalus in pregnancy is typically monitored by regularly performing ultrasounds to observe the fetus. Unfortunately, there are no specific treatments available for this condition while the baby is still in the womb. Throughout the pregnancy, it is crucial to conduct a series of ultrasounds to track the size of the ventricles in the baby's brain. It is unpredictable whether the ventricular size will increase or decrease in subsequent examinations. In cases where the ventricular size remains stable, it is generally recommended to continue monitoring the fetus until full term. To enhance the baby's outcome, it is advisable to delay delivery until the fetus reaches optimal maturity. Additionally, healthcare providers will assess whether a vaginal delivery is feasible or if a cesarean section is necessary based on the baby's head size. Remember, the key is to prioritize the baby's well-being and make informed decisions based on medical advice. If the ventricles of the fetus continue to enlarge, there are several options to consider: - For fetuses younger than 32 weeks, it is important to balance the risk of lung immaturity with the potential harm of progressive ventriculomegaly. - In cases of spina bifida diagnosis, surgical options before or after birth may be considered to close the baby's back.  - For fetuses older than 35 weeks, a preterm cesarean section might be recommended, followed by the placement of a shunt after birth. Related Blog: Pediatric Hydrocephalus Surgery: Exploring Treatment Options Early establishment of a relationship with a pediatric neurosurgeon is crucial once hydrocephalus is suspected during pregnancy. Timely treatment may be necessary after the baby is born. The pediatric neurosurgeon will offer specific details and recommend the most suitable treatment for your child.

How is Hydrocephalus Managed and Treated During Pregnancy?

During pregnancy, hydrocephalus is typically managed through close observation. Currently, there are no treatments available specifically for the fetus. The medical team will closely monitor the fetus for any signs of distress, which could indicate the need for an early delivery. The goal is to delay delivery until the baby is as mature as possible to improve the outcome. The timing of delivery will be determined by the mother, her prenatal care provider, and the recommendations from the NJ Pediatric Neurosciense institute team.

What is the Prognosis for Babies with Hydrocephalus?

Hydrocephalus prognosis in babies offers hope for a fulfilling life, even though the path may differ from your expectations. Despite initial challenges, babies with hydrocephalus often grow into strong and determined individuals.

How Does Hydrocephalus Affect My Baby After Delivery?

Hydrocephalus can have various effects on a baby after delivery, making a thorough evaluation crucial. This evaluation typically involves imaging studies like CT, MRI, or ultrasound, as well as a comprehensive neurological examination. Detecting Hydrocephalus promptly is essential for determining the appropriate course of action. In cases of increased brain pressure at birth, neurosurgery may be necessary. At NJ Pediatric Neurosciense institute, two surgical options are available: a fetal shunt, which helps normalize brain pressure by draining fluid into the abdominal cavity for reabsorption, and an Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), a minimally-invasive procedure that creates an opening in the brain's third ventricle to allow fluid to flow normally. The impact of pediatric Hydrocephalus on a baby can vary in severity and is not always predictable. This condition can lead to complications and symptoms of brain damage, such as epilepsy, learning disabilities, memory loss, coordination issues, vision problems, and early puberty. Early intervention, including developmental therapy like physical and occupational therapy, is crucial for babies with Hydrocephalus. With timely treatment, some babies may develop normally despite the condition. Overall, Hydrocephalus requires careful management and monitoring to support the baby's development and well-being.

How to Prevent Hydrocephalus in Pregnancy

While there's currently no way to prevent hydrocephalus in your child, there are still steps you can take for future pregnancies.  Your doctor might recommend genetic counseling to assess the risk of hydrocephalus reappearing. This counseling can provide valuable information and peace of mind as you plan your family. Additionally, depending on the cause of your child's hydrocephalus, prenatal testing may be an option in future pregnancies to identify hydrocephalus early on.

Conclusion: Supporting Your Pregnancy Journey

Navigating a pregnancy complicated by hydrocephalus can feel overwhelming, but understanding the diagnosis and monitoring process helps ensure the best possible care for both you and your baby. While treatment options during pregnancy are limited, timely delivery planning and postnatal neurosurgery offer promising solutions. If hydrocephalus is suspected, early communication with a pediatric neurosurgeon is essential to prepare for your baby’s care after birth. By staying informed and working closely with your medical team, you can make the best decisions for a healthy pregnancy and a positive future for your child.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Can Hydrocephalus Be Detected During Pregnancy? Answer: Yes, hydrocephalus can often be detected during pregnancy through prenatal ultrasounds. It typically becomes visible in the second or third trimester when abnormal fluid buildup in the brain's ventricles can be identified. 2. Water in Baby's Brain During Pregnancy Answer: Water in the brain” refers to hydrocephalus, which occurs when excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulates in the brain, leading to increased pressure. It can result from congenital conditions, infections, or genetic factors. 3. What Does It Mean If My Unborn Baby Has Fluid on the Brain? Answer: Fluid on the brain (hydrocephalus) means there is an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid, which may affect brain development. It could indicate a potential neurological issue that may require monitoring or treatment after birth. 4. Where Is Fluid on Baby’s Brain During Pregnancy? Answer: The fluid builds up in the ventricles, which are cavities within the brain that normally contain cerebrospinal fluid. In hydrocephalus, these ventricles become enlarged, causing pressure on brain tissues. 5. What Is Fluid Around Baby's Head in Ultrasound Called? Answer: The fluid detected around the brain in an ultrasound is called ventriculomegaly if the brain’s ventricles are mildly enlarged. When more severe, it is diagnosed as hydrocephalus. 6. Can Fetal Hydrocephalus Go Away Naturally? Answer: In some mild cases, fetal hydrocephalus (such as borderline ventriculomegaly) may improve or resolve naturally before birth. However, moderate to severe hydrocephalus usually requires monitoring and may need treatment, such as surgery, after delivery to prevent complications.

What is Hydrocephalus?

Hydrocephalus is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricular system of the brain. This can lead to an increase in intracranial pressure, which can cause a wide range of hydrocephalus symptoms including headache, nausea, vomiting, and changes in vision. In severe cases, it can also lead to neurological damage, developmental delays, and even death if left untreated.  Hydrocephalus can be caused by a variety of factors including congenital defects, infections, tumors, and head injuries. It is typically treated with the placement of a shunt, a device that diverts the excess CSF from the brain to another part of the body where it can be absorbed.

How Pediatric Hydrocephalus Can Be Cured?

Pediatric hydrocephalus can be treated through the placement of a shunt system, which diverts excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the brain to another part of the body, such as the abdomen. In some cases, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) may be performed, which creates a new opening for the CSF to flow through, bypassing the obstruction. Surgery is the most common treatment option, but it is not always a cure and regular monitoring is necessary to ensure the shunt is functioning properly.

What complications can occur with shunts?

Shunt complications are relatively common in patients with hydrocephalus, particularly in the first few months after surgery. Some of the most common complications include infection, blockage, and malfunction of the shunt. Infection can occur at the site of the shunt or at the point where the shunt drains the fluid. Blockage can occur anywhere in the shunt system, preventing the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Malfunctions can be caused by a variety of factors, including mechanical failure, kinks in the tubing, or over-drainage. Other complications include shunt migration, and over or under-drainage, which can result in symptoms like headache, nausea, and vomiting. Regular monitoring and prompt attention to any concerning symptoms are important to minimize the risk of complications.

What Kind of Difficulties a Child with Hydrocephalus Can Face?

A child with hydrocephalus can face a variety of difficulties, both physically and mentally. Physically, they may experience headaches, nausea, vomiting, and problems with balance and coordination. They may also have trouble with fine motor skills and difficulties with vision. Mentally, they may have difficulty with memory, attention, and problem-solving. They may also have developmental delays and difficulty with language and communication. Treatment for hydrocephalus, such as a shunt, can help alleviate some of these symptoms, but it may not be able to fully resolve them. Early intervention and therapy can help to improve the child's overall functioning. A hydrocephalus center is a specialized medical facility that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment and management of Hydrocephalus.

As a parent, you want your child to be healthy and happy. Unfortunately, sometimes kids get sick or have accidents. If your child needs neurosurgical care, you want to make sure they are in good hands. Here is how to choose the right pediatric neurosurgery in Morristown, NJ.

Why Do You Need a Pediatric Neurosurgeon?

A pediatric neurosurgeon is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the nervous system in children. This includes the brain, spine, nerves, and blood vessels that relate to these areas. A pediatric neurosurgeon has completed four years of medical school, five years of residency training in pediatric neurosurgery, and one year of fellowship training in pediatric neurosurgery. They are board certified by the American Board of Neurological Surgery.

What Does a Pediatric Neurosurgeon Actually Do?

A pediatric neurosurgeon treats conditions that affect the brain, spine, and nerves. These include: - Hydrocephalus (a buildup of fluid in the brain) - Spina bifida (a birth defect in which the spinal cord does not develop properly) - Craniosynostosis (a condition in which the bones in the skull fuse together too early) - Brain tumors - Epilepsy  - Chiari malformations (a condition in which part of the brain extends into the spinal canal) - Traumatic injuries to the head or spine  Pediatric neurosurgeons use a variety of techniques, including surgery, to treat these conditions. They may also prescribe medications or provide other types of therapies.

Seek Some Referrals

One of the best ways to find a good pediatric neurosurgeon or pediatric neurosurgery is to ask your child’s primary care doctor for a referral. They will know which doctors have a good reputation and who is taking new patients. You can also ask friends or family members if they know of anyone. Once you have some names, it’s time to do your own research. 

Do Your Own Research and then Take Decision

It’s important to do your research before making any big decisions, especially when it comes to your child’s health. If your child has been diagnosed with a neurological condition, you may be considering neurosurgery. Here are some things to keep in mind as you research neurosurgeons. First, look at the credentials and experience of each neurosurgeon on your list. Make sure they are board certified by the American Board of Neurological Surgery and have experience treating children specifically.  Next, look for reviews from other patients or their parents. Look on Google, Yelp!, Healthgrades, Vitals, or another platform. Read both positive and negative reviews to get a well-rounded view of each doctor’s bedside manner and surgical skillset.  After looking at all this information you should be able to narrow down your list to two or three surgeons that you feel confident about. If you are looking for pediatric neurosurgery in Morristown NJ, visit our website New Jersey Pediatric Neuroscience Institute. Our pediatric neurosurgeons are some of the best in the country and we are here to provide your child with the best care possible. 

Schedule a Consultation 

 Now it’s time to meet with the doctors on your shortlist! When you schedule a consultation visit, you will be able to ask them questions about their experience and philosophy when it comes to surgery. You will also be able to get a feel for their bedside manner and if they seem like someone you would feel comfortable having operate on your child. After meeting with each doctor, you should have a good idea of which one is the best fit for your family.  At NJPNI pediatric neurology associates, we provide comprehensive care for pediatric neurological disorders. Our team of experienced pediatric neurologists specialize in diagnosing and treating conditions ranging from epilepsy and headaches to genetic disorders and developmental delays. If you are looking for a craniofacial specialist in NJ, look no further than our team at NJPNI! Choosing the best pediatric craniofacial neurosurgeon is an important decision because they will be caring for your child’s most precious commodity—their brain. But with some careful research and these tips, you can find the perfect match for your family!

When I tell people I am a pediatric neurologist, the most common question is whether or not I perform brain surgery. A neurologist and a neurosurgeon are frequently confused, and while we work closely together, our jobs are very different. So, what does a neurologist do? Neurologists specialize in the treatment of disorders of the central and peripheral nervous systems, which include the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and even muscle. The nervous system is wondrously complex machinery that coordinates seamless communication between the brain and body, allowing you to sing to your children while navigating your way through heavy traffic to a new store without getting into an accident. When you think about it, it's pretty amazing! Neurologists are medical professionals with a unique type of expertise that can help individuals facing myriad neurological issues. Specialized training in the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, as well as its pathology, allows them to effectively diagnose and treat the full range of conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Additionally, neurologists use imaging technologies such as MRI and CT scans to identify more complex problems. Typically they also run neurological exams which provide further information regarding disorders related to muscle weakness, paralysis movement problems, and other coordination difficulties. Therefore, if your child is experiencing any of the below symptoms it is best to visit a pediatric neurologist.

If your child is experiencing any of the following neurological symptoms then visit a pediatric neurologist

 

 - Frequent or severe headaches or migraines

If your child experiences frequent or severe headaches and migraines, you should consider speaking to a neurosurgeon. Neurosurgeons are medical doctors who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the nervous system. At Children's Neurosurgery in NJ, our neurosurgeons have extensive experience diagnosing and treating children with chronic headaches or migraines. We offer a range of treatments tailored to children’s neurosurgery, from medications and lifestyle changes to neurosurgical procedures, depending on the underlying cause of your child’s headaches or migraines. Our neurosurgeons will work with you and your child to develop a treatment plan that best suits their needs.

 - Problems with memory

Memory problems can occur as a result of various factors, such as traumatic brain injury, neurological disorders, and certain medications. Neurosurgeons for kids offer comprehensive services to help diagnose, treat, and manage issues related to memory problems in children. They work with neuropsychologists, neurologists, neuro geneticists, neurophysiologists, neuro-oncologists, and neuropsychiatrists to ensure that a child has access to the best care possible. Memory loss can range from mild forgetfulness to major memory impairment.

 - Seizures

Seizures can be caused by several factors in many cases, the cause is unknown. Seizure symptoms vary depending on the type of seizure occurring. Common signs include convulsions, loss of consciousness or awareness, staring, lip smacking, jerking movements of the arms and legs, and confusion. Seizures can be treated with medications or surgery in extreme cases. Medications are usually used first to try to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures. 

 - Brain or spinal cord injury

Brain or spinal cord injuries can be some of the most debilitating medical conditions a person can suffer from. The effect of these injuries on a person’s ability to function normally depends on the severity of the injury itself as well as other factors such as the person’s age, existing medical conditions, and overall health. Most brain and spinal cord injuries occur due to accidents such as car crashes, falls, or sports activities. However, some can be attributed to medical errors or other causes that are not accidental.

 - Problems with movement

Movement problems can be caused by a variety of factors, including physical impairments or illnesses, developmental delays, and psychological disturbances. Physical impairments that may contribute to movement problems include neuromuscular diseases such as muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, and spinal cord injuries; musculoskeletal conditions such as arthritis or back pain; and conditions such as stroke or traumatic brain injury. Developmental delays can also lead to movement problems, as a child's motor skills may not develop at the same rate as his or her peers. Psychological disturbances such as anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder can also interfere with normal movement patterns. 

 - Numbness

Numbness is a lack of sensation or feeling in a specific area of the body. It can be caused by an injury, surgery, nerve damage, diabetes, malnutrition, and even emotional distress. Numbness can sometimes be accompanied by tingling sensations or burning pain. When numbness is localized to just one area of the body, it is known as mononeuropathy. This type of numbness can be caused by a pinched nerve or direct trauma to the affected area. If numbness affects multiple areas of the body, it is known as polyneuropathy and is usually caused by diseases like diabetes, alcoholism, vitamin deficiencies, or exposure to toxins.

 - Clumsiness or confusion

Clumsiness and confusion can have a significant impact on our lives. It can lead to stress, frustration, and even embarrassment when we’re unable to accomplish tasks that should come easily. Fortunately, some strategies and techniques can help people manage the effects of clumsiness or confusion. One such technique is cognitive restructuring. This involves changing the way we think about our clumsiness or confusion, helping us to view it in a more positive light and focus on what we can do instead of focusing on what we can’t do.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the previously mentioned neurological symptoms indicate that you should visit a neurologist as soon as possible. If you are located in New Jersey and are looking for pediatric neurology services, look no further than New Jersey Pediatric Neuroscience Institute. It is important to remember that timely diagnosis and treatment of neurological conditions are essential, so you should not hesitate to make an appointment with a pediatric neurology professional if you or your child is experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned earlier. Taking care of neurological issues promptly can help ensure that conditions are managed effectively, improving the quality of life for those affected.

NJPNI welcomes all students, teachers, and families back to school! Let’s have a safe and healthy 2022-2023 school year! If your child needs an appointment after hours, or on weekends, please ask us about CONCIERGE services available for special situations. We will do our best to accommodate! Please call and ask about after hours appointments and concierge services if you have special needs! (973)326-9000

Does your newborn have a surprising bump on their head? it might be a hematoma baby head condition called a cephalohematoma, which typically resolves over time. , It's a collection of blood under the scalp that's common during childbirth. While it sounds scary, these usually resolve on their own. This blog dives into the types, causes, effects, diagnosis, treatment, and much more.So relax, take a deep breath, and let's explore what this bump means for your little one.

What is a newborn cephalohematoma?

Newborn cephalohematoma is a condition that can occur in babies due to pressure or trauma to the head during birth. This leads to a collection of blood underneath the scalp, but it does not pose a risk to the baby's brain as it is located outside the skull. The bleeding is slow and can take hours or days to become noticeable. While infant cephalohematoma is common, affecting around 1% to 2% of newborns, it typically resolves on its own without treatment. It is advisable to consult a doctor who may recommend further evaluation by a specialist. Related Blog: The Role of Physical Therapy in Cephalohematoma Rehabilitation

Types of Newborn Cephalohematomas

While cradling your precious newborn, you might notice a soft lump on their head. This could be a cephalohematoma, a collection of blood under the scalp caused by pressure during delivery. Here's a breakdown of the different types of cephalohematomas in newborns: 1. Early Bird Bumps (Acute Hematoma): These appear right after birth, caused by pressure on the head rupturing tiny blood vessels. 2. Delayed Discovery (Chronic Hematoma):  These show up days or even weeks later. Sometimes, an acute hematoma that wasn't noticed initially can develop into a chronic one. Early diagnosis is crucial for both types. If left untreated, an acute cephalohematoma can develop into a chronic one.

How common is cephalohematoma in newborns?

Cephalohematomas are seen in roughly 2.5% of prolonged and challenging vaginal deliveries. The risk increases to about 1 in 10 babies when an assisted delivery involving vacuum extraction or forceps is needed.

Treatment & Management of Cephalohematoma in Newborns

In most cases, cephalohematomas resolve on their own without the need for medical intervention. However, there are instances where cephalohematoma newborn treatment may be required to avoid complications or promote proper healing. Monitoring the lump closely under a doctor’s supervision is key to determining if further action is needed.

When Is Treatment Needed?

1. Draining the Hematoma: In rare cases, if the hematoma becomes too large or causes excessive tension, a healthcare provider may recommend draining it to relieve pressure. However, draining is generally avoided due to the risk of infection. 2. Surgical Intervention for Calcified Cephalohematoma: If the hematoma hardens and becomes a calcified cephalohematoma, surgical removal might be considered, especially if it interferes with skull growth or causes discomfort.

Management of Cephalohematoma

Proper management of cephalohematoma focuses on monitoring the bump and addressing any complications early. This may include: 1. Observation: Regular pediatric check-ups to track the size and consistency of the hematoma. 2. Treating Complications: If the hematoma contributes to conditions like jaundice or anemia, appropriate treatments, such as phototherapy or iron supplementation, may be needed. 3. Infection Prevention: Parents are advised not to rub or irritate the area to prevent infection. If signs of infection appear, such as redness or fever, immediate medical attention is required. Most cephalohematomas heal naturally over time, and with proper management, the risk of complications is minimal. Regular follow-ups with your doctor ensure your baby’s health and development remain on track.

What are risk factors for newborn cephalohematoma?

Risk factors for cephalohematoma in newborns include: - Assisted delivery methods like vacuum extraction or forceps - Use of epidural pain relief during childbirth - Larger-than-average baby, weighing more than 8 pounds 13 ounces - Birth of multiple babies, such as twins or triplets - Prolonged and difficult vaginal delivery These factors can increase the likelihood of a newborn developing a cephalohematoma.

What are the effects of cephalohematoma?

During childbirth, the pressure on a newborn's scalp can lead to the damage or rupture of small blood vessels, resulting in the accumulation of blood under the scalp. This can create a soft bulge or bump, usually at the back of the head, that resembles a bruise. As time passes, the soft mass may begin to harden or calcify. It often shrinks in the center first, giving it a ring-shaped or crater-like look.

Potential Complications

Potential Complications of Cephalohematoma in newborn: - Anemia: A cephalohematoma can lead to anemia in babies due to blood loss. - Calcifications: Cephalohematomas lasting over five weeks may result in calcifications, affecting skull formation. - Infections: Cephalohematoma increases the risk of infections like osteomyelitis, cellulitis, or sepsis. - Jaundice: Blood absorption from cephalohematoma can cause jaundice in babies. - Skull Fractures: Some babies with cephalohematomas may also have linear skull fractures, which typically heal without treatment.

Symptoms of Cephalohematoma

One common sign of cephalohematoma in babies is a soft bulge or bump on the back or top of their head. This bulge usually does not cause any bruising, cuts, or redness on the skin. The size of the bulge can vary, sometimes being more noticeable than others. Initially, the bump will feel soft, but as the blood inside begins to harden, it will become firmer. Over time, the bulge will start to shrink, with the center typically dissolving before the outer edges, giving it a "crater-like" appearance. This is a positive indication that the healing process is progressing well. In addition to the external bulge, newborns with cephalohematoma may experience internal symptoms.

Causes of Cephalohematoma

Cephalohematoma in newborns typically occurs during labor or delivery, sometimes appearing hours or days after birth. It is caused by pressure or trauma to the infant's head, leading to the tearing of blood vessels on the scalp. The specific factors that contribute to head trauma during delivery can vary. One common trigger is when the baby's head makes contact with the mother's pelvic bone while moving through the birth canal. This impact, combined with the force of contractions, can result in a cephalohematoma. Another frequent cause of birth-related head trauma is the use of medical devices like vacuum extractors and obstetrical forceps. These instruments assist in delivery when the mother's contractions are insufficient to propel the baby through the birth canal. However, the pressure applied by these devices can be strong enough to cause blood vessel rupture on the baby's head. Overall, cephalohematoma is a condition that warrants attention and understanding, especially in the context of childbirth and potential causes of head trauma during delivery.

Diagnosis of Cephalohematoma

Your doctor will perform a thorough physical examination of your newborn right after delivery and during the first pediatrician visit within 1-3 days. Sometimes, a bulge may be sufficient for diagnosis, but additional tests such as  X-ray, CT scan, MRI scan, or ultrasound may be requested by the doctor when needed.

Newborn Cephalohematoma Prognosis

Newborn babies diagnosed with newborn cephalohematoma can usually recover within a few months when given proper treatment. Most cephalohematomas heal on their own without causing long-term physical or developmental issues. Typically, the center of the hematoma will start to shrink first, while the outer edge may become hardened due to calcium deposits. Early detection and treatment of newborn cephalohematomas can help prevent or reduce complications. Failure of healthcare providers to promptly address the signs of an infant hematoma could be considered medical malpractice.

Get Help for Newborn Cephalohematoma from NJPNI

Having a newborn with a bruised-looking lump on their scalp can be worrying, but cephalohematomas are usually harmless. This lump tends to decrease in size and disappear on its own within a few weeks or months without needing any treatment. Your baby's healthcare provider will monitor the bump during their check-ups. Cephalohematomas can slightly raise the risk of jaundice, anemia, and infections in babies. In rare cases, a newborn may have a skull fracture, which typically heals naturally. If your baby is very irritable, displays signs of jaundice, or has trouble eating or sleeping, it's best to contact your healthcare provider promptly.

Childhood head trauma is one of the most common problems that pediatricians, pediatric neurologists and pediatric neurosurgeons see every year. We see babies that fall off a bed or off a couch. We see toddlers who fall down the stairs. We see kids who fell off their bike or scooter. Please take the extra time to think about your kids and their brains. Many accidents can be avoided with preventive measures. If your child had a head injury and you need your child to be seen quickly, just call us! We can usually get your child seen within 24 hours or sooner if it is an emergency! Just call us at 973-326-9000.

From diagnosis to treatment, an expert at the New Jersey Pediatric Neuroscience Institute explains plagiocephaly BY TATIANA SIKORSKYJ, APN, RNFA Published: June 23, 2022 What is plagiocephaly? Plagiocephaly (sometimes called deformational plagiocephaly or positional plagiocephaly) is a common and treatable disorder in infants. Plagiocephaly develops when an infant’s soft skull becomes flattened in one area due to prolonged pressure on that part of the head. Many babies develop plagiocephaly by sleeping regularly in one position. There are other types of plagiocephaly, some of which are caused by a serious condition called craniosynostosis. In craniosynostosis, the deformity is caused by premature closure of the fibrous joints (“sutures”) between the bones of the infant. Treatment for plagiocephaly usually includes special exercises, physical therapy, varying sleep position or wearing corrective helmets. Click here for the complete article – https://www.njfamily.com/the-common-infant-disorder-every-parent-should-know-about/

Why treating the whole child with CP requires understanding the brain BY CATHERINE MAZZOLA, MD Published: May 6, 2022 Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood, according to Capute and Accardo’s Neurodevelopmental Disabilities in Infancy and Childhood. Babies born prematurely, or with very low birth weight, are at higher risk of developing CP, as compared to normal birth weight babies delivered at term, according to TK. The term “Cerebral Palsy” has Latin and Greek origins. The word “cerebral” comes from the Latin word for brain.  The word “palsy” comes from the Greek word for paralysis, which literally means “loosen,” from the word paralyein, and its roots para (beside) and lyein (to loosen or untie).  Children with cerebral palsy often have a muscle weakness or abnormality caused by brain injury. Click here for the complete article - https://www.njfamily.com/ask-the-expert-cerebral-palsy-toe-walking-and-spasticity-how-to-help-the-whole-child/

SAVE THE DATE!! - 11th Annual Gala 2022 Donating to the event helps in supporting Kid Around the World!! Craniofacial differences can have an impact on the emotional and psychological well-being of children around the world. We strive to provide children and their families the care and support they need to overcome these obstacles Join us for a night filled with fun, great presentations, and your chance to win some great gift baskets, silent auction items or 50/50 raffle! All donations help to support the NJ Craniofacial Center on their next mission trip! Buy Tickets or Donate Here - https://www.eventbrite.com/e/nj-craniofacial-center-gala-tickets-299490091927?aff=erelexpmlt